Saint-Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
from 01.01.2025 until now
Saint-Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
VAK Russia 5.2.1
The article is devoted to the current problem of the growth of shadow schemes related to the transit and cashing of funds with the participation of individuals called "drops", the emergence of which is currently associated with a thorough identification of shadow schemes and the introduction of restrictive measures stimulating criminals to develop new methods of money laundering. The purpose of the study is to comprehensively study the problem of the growth of shadow schemes with the participation of "drops". To write the article, the method of analyzing scientific Russian and foreign articles, regulatory legal acts in the field of AML / CFT, as well as statistical data of the Bank of Russia was used. Methods of searching and studying theoretical sources on issues of shadow schemes related to the transit and cashing of funds with the participation of individuals "drops" were used. The work provides a definition of drops (droppers), types of drops and the main cashing schemes they use. Examples of the main types of recruitment of the population into dropper activities are given. Examples of anti-fraud systems of Russian banks that help in the AML system are presented, and their advantages and disadvantages are determined. The article provides a description of criminal penalties in the Russian Federation for dropper activities. In addition, measures to counter the growth of shadow schemes involving "drops" are considered, including strengthening control over financial transactions and improving legislation. In conclusion, recommendations are offered to prevent the spread of shadow schemes involving "drops", including strengthening control over the issuance of bank cards to groups of people who need money or want to make easy money, namely schoolchildren, full-time students, pensioners over 75 years old, migrants and people who are not officially employed.
legalization of income, shadow schemes, drop, droppers, cashing, counteraction, laundering
1. Bank Uralsib Droppery: svyazuyuschee zveno prestupnoy cepi // URL: https://journal.uralsib.ru/hse/research/4?ysclid=m2i7jo70aa632182398.
2. Barsel, I.V. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo v sfere protivodeystviya legalizacii (otmyvaniya) dohodov, poluchennyh prestupnym putem. problemy i puti resheniya / I.V. Barsel // Sbornik «Social'no-ekonomicheskie i pravovye mery bor'by s prestupleniyami i inymi pravonarusheniyami». – 2023. – S. 162-166 // URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/query_results.asp?pagenum=3. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/EYDJCE
3. Vishneveckiy, K.V. Kriminologicheskaya harakteristika gruppovyh form prestupnoy deyatel'nosti v sovremennyh usloviyah / K.V. Vishneveckiy, A.A. Kashkarov // Gumanitarnye, social'no-ekonomicheskie i obschestvennye nauki. – 2024. – S. 104-108 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kriminologicheskaya-harakteristika-gruppovyh-form-prestupnoy-deyatelnosti-v-sovremennyh-usloviyah/viewer.
4. Volkova, K. E. Kibermoshennichestvo v social'nyh setyah / K. E. Volkova, O. S. Cvigunova // Razvitie finansovogo sektora Zabaykal'ya v sovremennyh usloviyah : Materialy mezhvuzovskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, Chita, 30 oktyabrya 2024 goda. – Irkutsk: Baykal'skiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, 2024. – S. 15-21. – EDN UKHVUI.
5. Volodina, S.G. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' Rossii: sostoyanie i tendencii / S.G. Volodina // Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost'. – 2025. – T.8, № 1. – S. 29-46 // URL: https://1economic.ru/lib/122451.
6. Davydov, V.O. Nezakonnyy oborot narkoticheskih sredstv, psihotropnyh i sil'nodeystvuyuschih veschestv, sovershaemyy s ispol'zovaniem tehnologiy distancionnoy kommunikacii: novye prestupnye sposoby / V.O. Davydov // Vserossiyskiy kriminologicheskiy zhurnal. – 2022. - T. 16, №4. – S. 512-521 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/nezakonnyy-oborot-narkoticheskih-sredstv-psihotropnyh-i-silnodeystvuyuschih-veschestv-sovershaemyy-s-ispolzovaniem-tehnologiy/viewer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2022.16(4).512-521; EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ICDSNU
7. Dyagilev, A. A. Ispol'zovanie platezhnyh instrumentov (platezhnyh rekvizitov) tret'ih lic v protivopravnoy deyatel'nosti / A. A. Dyagilev, D. S. Govoruhin // Sovremennye problemy i tendencii razvitiya operativno-rozysknogo protivodeystviya prestupnosti: Sbornik materialov mezhkafedral'nogo kruglogo stola, Nizhniy Novgorod, 30 maya 2024 goda. – Nizhniy Novgorod: Nizhegorodskaya akademiya MVD RF (Nizhniy Novgorod), 2024. – S. 43-51. – EDN RIGGZA.
8. Kokoryulina, Ya. S. Moshennichestvo kak ugroza ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti banka i sposoby ego predotvrascheniya / Ya. S. Kokoryulina, E. Yu. Solov'eva // Sovremennye vyzovy ekonomiki i sistem upravleniya v Rossii v usloviyah mnogopolyarnogo mira: Sbornik statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, priurochennaya k 105-letiyu Finuniversiteta, Sankt-Peterburg, 25–26 aprelya 2024 goda. – Sankt-Peterburg: OOO «Skifiya-print», 2024. – S. 224-230. – EDN IJPPJM.
9. Makeeva, I. O. Kriminologicheskiy analiz rechevyh strategiy dlya vovlecheniya v prestupnuyu deyatel'nosti v roli «dropov» naseleniya srednego vozrasta: osobennosti i mery protivodeystviya (po materialam Kurskoy oblasti) / I. O. Makeeva, K. G. Balashov, A. V. Bondareva // Rossiyskiy nauchnyy vestnik. – 2025. – № 2. – S. 243-247. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24412/2782-3830-2025-2-243-247. – EDN SXKYPU.
10. Mursalimov, A.T. Protivodeystvie prestupnosti cherez prizmu kriminologicheskogo portreta lichnosti moshennika v sfere kreditovaniya / A.T. Mursalimov // Pravo i gosudarstvo: teoriya i praktika. – 2023. – S. 235-237 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/protivodeystvie-prestupnosti-cherez-prizmu-kriminologicheskogo-portreta-lichnosti-moshennika-v-sfere-kreditovaniya/viewer.
11. Oblauhova, M.V. Tenevye processy na rynke truda v sisteme riskov legalizacii dohodov, poluchennyh prestupnym putem // M.V. Oblauhova, S.P. Anofrikov // Vektory blagopoluchiya: ekonomika i socium. – 2020. – S. 176-188 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tenevye-protsessy-na-rynke-truda-v-sisteme-riskov-legalizatsii-dohodov-poluchennyh-prestupnym-putyom?ysclid=m3c5tzabv8627642806.
12. Polyakov, N.V. Tipichnye zabluzhdeniya podstavnyh lic, vovlekaemyh v prestupnuyu deyatel'nost' po nezakonnomu obnalichivaniyu denezhnyh sredstv / N.V. Polyakov, Yu.P. Garmaev // Kriminalistika: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. – 2023. – S. 189-196 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tipichnye-zabluzhdeniya-podstavnyh-lits-vovlekaemyh-v-prestupnuyu-deyatelnost-po-nezakonnomu-obnalichivaniyu-denezhnyh-sredstv/viewer.
13. Semenova, E. N. Nedetskie igry: droppery / E. N. Semenova // Konkurentnyy potencial regiona: ocenka i effektivnost' ispol'zovaniya: Sbornik statey HV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, Abakan, 07 noyabrya 2024 goda. – Abakan: Hakasskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im. N.F. Katanova, 2024. – S. 87-90. – EDN HTRWHF.
14. Sorokin, M. B. Droppery kak novyy vid finansovyh moshennikov / M. B. Sorokin // Vittevskie chteniya - 2024: Materialy XXIV mezhdunarodnogo Kongressa molodoy nauki, Moskva, 26 aprelya 2024 goda. – Moskva: Moskovskiy universitet im. S.Yu. Vitte, 2024. – S. 1475-1478. – EDN HITHIJ.
15. Chernova, R.S. K voprosu o protivodeystvii legalizacii prestupnyh dohodov v Rossiyskoy Federacii / R.S. Chernova, E.V. Dubinina / Ekonomika i socium. – 2024. – S. 454-458 // URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/k-voprosu-o-protivodeystvii-legalizatsii-prestupnyh-dohodov-v-rossiyskoy-federatsii/viewer/
16. Chumachenko, E.A. Rol' bankovskogo sektora v bor'be s otmyvaniem denezhnyh sredstv / E.A. Chumachenko // Sbornik «Strategii ustoychivogo razvitiya: social'nye, ekonomicheskie i yuridicheskie aspekty». – 2023. – S. 115-117 // URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=50293999. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/RMXBSL
17. Alnasser Mohammed, S.A.S. (2021), «Money laundering in selected emerging economies: is there a role for banks? » // Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 102-110 // URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jmlc-12-2019-0096/full/html. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SXMIUG
18. Chitimira, H. and Munedzi, S. (2023), «An evaluation of customer due diligence and related anti-money laundering measures in the United Kingdom», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 26 No. 7, pp. 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-01-2023-0004 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/LYAQAQ
19. Cindori, S. (2022), «National risk assessment – the Croatian features», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 25 No. 2, pp. 388-400. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-02-2021-0016 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QLSVIG
20. Kalokoh, A. (2024), «Money laundering and terrorist financing risks and democratic governance: a global correlational analysis» // Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 27 No. 5, pp. 825-844 // URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jmlc-09-2023-0151/full/html.
21. Lupton, C. (2023), «Illegal wildlife trade: the critical role of the banking sector in combating money laundering», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 26 No. 7, pp. 181-196. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-06-2023-0105 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SLRJHL
22. Menon, R.E. (2023), «From crime prevention to norm compliance: anti-money laundering (AML) policy adoption in Singapore from 1989–2021», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 26 No. 1, pp. 69-92. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-12-2021-0134 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/RPISHW
23. Mokone, P.P. (2025), «An analysis of the challenges in combatting money laundering within Bureaux de Change establishments in Botswana», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 28 No. 7, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-06-2024-0100 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/TMYAFC
24. Pierre Bardin, Antoine Bouveret, Grace Jackson, Maksym Markevych Money Laundering Poses a Risk to Financial Sector Stability, 2023 // URL: https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2023/09/04/money-laundering-poses-a-risk-to-financial-sector-stability/
25. R., V. and Ravi, H. (2021), «Innovation in banking: fusion of artificial intelligence and blockchain», Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-09-2020-0142 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/CTJBUV
26. Reite, E.J., Karlsen, J. and Westgaard, E.G. (2024), «Improving client risk classification with machine learning to increase anti-money laundering detection efficiency», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print // URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0040/full/html.
27. Rusanov, G. and Pudovochkin, Y. (2021), «Money laundering in the modern crime system» // Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 860-868 // URL: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jmlc-08-2020-0085/full/html.
28. The Silent Crime: Unmasking Money Laundering Reporting / posted in Anti-Money Laundering (AML) – 2024 // URL: https://financialcrimeacademy.org/money-laundering-reporting.
29. Tiwari, M., Ferrill, J. and Allan, D.M.C. (2025), «Trade-based money laundering: a systematic literature review», Journal of Accounting Literature, Vol. 47 No. 5, pp. 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAL-11-2022-0111 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YCTXXT
30. Valvi, E.-A. (2023), «The role of legal professionals in the European and international legal and regulatory framework against money laundering», Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 26 No. 7, pp. 28-52. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-12-2021-0139 EDN: https://elibrary.ru/IVVGKA
