Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
VAK Russia 5.2.3
This article examines the dynamics of small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) development in Russia from 2010 to 2024. The study demonstrates that SMEs play a significant role in the national economy by contributing to employment and GDP, although their share remains relatively low compared to developed countries. Over the analyzed period, the SME sector experienced phases of growth and crises driven by geopolitical and economic factors, including sanctions, the COVID-19 pandemic, currency depreciation, and declining domestic demand. Key trends identified during this period include an increase in the number of SMEs, rising employment and turnover, as well as a decrease in business liquidation rates. The analysis reveals that microenterprises dominate the structure of Russian SMEs, with most registered as sole proprietorships. Regional disparities in SME development are substantial, with major cities and economically advanced regions showing more dynamic growth and lower business closure rates. Major barriers to SME development include regulatory complexities, limited access to financing, infrastructure constraints, and the impact of external factors. Overall, despite crises, the SME sector demonstrates signs of adaptation and recovery, suggesting potential for further growth and an enhanced role in the Russian economy.
small and medium-sized enterprises, Russia’s GDP, sanctions, ruble depreciation, SME development dynamics, SME growth barriers
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